Section 7

Citation: Section 7
Parent Document: Bostock v. Clayton County, 590 U.S. 644 (2020)
Jurisdiction: United States (federal)
Effective Date: 2020-06-15
Original Source: https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/4760997/bostock-v-clayton-county/ ↗

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Women Lawyers Meet: Representatives of 20 States En-
dorse Proposed Equal Rights Amendment, N. Y. Times,
Sept. 16, 1921, p. 10.
  Similar terms were used in the precursor to the Equal
Pay Act. Introduced in 1944 by Congresswoman Winifred
C. Stanley, it proclaimed that “[d]iscrimination against em-
ployees, in rates of compensation paid, on account of sex”
was “contrary to the public interest.” H. R. 5056, 78th
Cong., 2d Sess.
  In 1952, the new Constitution for Puerto Rico, which was
approved by Congress, 66 Stat. 327, prohibited all “discrim-
ination . . . on account of . . . sex,” Art. II, Bill of Rights §1
(emphasis added), and in the landmark Immigration and
Nationality Act of 1952, Congress outlawed discrimination
in naturalization “because of . . . sex.” 8 U. S. C. §1422 (em-
phasis added).
  In 1958, the International Labour Organisation, a United
Nations agency of which the United States is a member,
recommended that nations bar employment discrimination
“made on the basis of . . . sex.” Convention (No. 111) Con-
cerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Oc-
cupation, Art. 1(a), June 25, 1958, 362 U. N. T. S. 32 (em-
phasis added).
  In 1961, President Kennedy ordered the Civil Service
Commission to review and modify personnel policies “to as-
sure that selection for any career position is hereinafter
made solely on the basis of individual merit and fitness,
without regard to sex.”21 He concurrently established a
“Commission on the Status of Women” and directed it to
recommend policies “for overcoming discriminations in gov-
ernment and private employment on the basis of sex.” Exec.
Order No. 10980, 3 CFR 138 (1961 Supp.) (emphasis
——————
  21 J. Kennedy, Statement by the President on the Establishment of

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