cook v johnson comm housing, No. 22-cv-3458 (Vt. Super. Ct. 2025)

Citation: cook v johnson comm housing, No. 22-cv-3458 (Vt. Super. Ct. 2025)
Parent Document: cook v johnson comm housing, No. 22-cv-3458 (Vt. Super. Ct. 2025)
Jurisdiction: Vermont (state)
Effective Date: 2025-10-03
Original Source: https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/media/19496 ↗

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Vermont’s Consumer Protection Act prohibits “unfair or deceptive acts or practices in
commerce.” 9 V.S.A. § 2453(a). “To sustain a consumer-protection claim, a plaintiff must (1)
prove facts that meet the definition of an unfair or deceptive act under 9 V.S.A. § 2453(a), and
(2) demonstrate the prerequisites to a private action under 9 V.S.A. § 2461(b).” Mansfield v.
Heilmann, Ekman, Cooley & Gagnon, Inc., 2023 VT 47, ¶ 32, 218 Vt. 359 (citation omitted).
“To establish a ‘deceptive act or practice’ under the [Act] requires three elements: (1) there must
be a representation, omission, or practice likely to mislead consumers; (2) the consumer must be
interpreting the message reasonably under the circumstances; and (3) the misleading effects must
be material, that is, likely to affect the consumer’s conduct or decision regarding the product.”
Madowitz v. Woods at Killington Owners’ Ass’n, 2014 VT 21, ¶ 23, 196 Vt. 47 (quotation
omitted). “To maintain a private action under § 2461(b), a plaintiff must show either (1) reliance

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