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DRAFT FOR ATTORNEY REVIEW — NOT FINAL

Molenaar v. United Cattle Co., 553 N.W.2d 424 (1996)

Citation
Molenaar v. United Cattle Co., 553 N.W.2d 424 (1996)
Parent Document
Molenaar v. United Cattle Co., 553 N.W.2d 424 (1996)
Jurisdiction
Minnesota (state)
Effective Date
1996-07-30

Other Sections in This Document (93)

Full Text

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[4] See, e.g. Ala.Code § 6-11-20 (1993) (permitting punitive damages in tort actions with fraud or malice); Alaska Stat. § 09.17.020 (1994) (permitting punitive damages in contract or tort actions if supported by clear and convincing evidence); Acheson v. Shafter, 107 Ariz. 576, 490 P.2d 832, 835 (1971) (permitting punitive damages for conversion of property); Wheeler Motor Co. v. Roth, 315 Ark. 318, 867 S.W.2d 446, 450-51 (1993) (permitting punitive damages for false representation and breach of contract); Cal. Civ.Code § 3294 (West 1996 Supp.) (permitting punitive damages if evidence of fraud, oppression, or malice); Colo.Rev.Stat. Ann. § 13-21-102 (West 1987 & 1995 Supp.) (permitting punitive damages for injury to people or property, but limiting them to the amount of actual damages); Fla. Stat. Ann. § 768.73 (West 1996 Supp.) (limiting punitive damages to three times actual damages); Idaho Code § 6-1604 (1990) (permitting punitive damages for injury to property); Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 735, para. 5/2-1207 (Smith-Hurd 1992) (permitting the district court to apportion some of the punitive damages to the state); Ind.Code Ann. § 34-4-34-4 (Burns 1996 Supp.) (limiting punitive damages to the greater of three times actual damages or $50,000); Iowa Code Ann. § 668A.1 (1987) (permitting punitive damages for disregarding rights or safety of others); Ky. Rev.Stat. Ann. § 411.186 (Michie/Bobbs-Merrill 1992) (permitting punitive damages for any civil action); Ricard v. State, 390 So.2d 882, 885 (La.1980) (punitive damages prohibited in Louisiana); Flesner v. Technical Communications Corp., 410 Mass. 805, 575 N.E.2d 1107, 1112 (1991) (punitive damages prohibited in Massachusetts); Joba Constr. Co. v. Burns & Roe, Inc., 121 Mich.App. 615, 329 N.W.2d 760, 773 (1982) (permitting punitive damages when actual damages would not fully compensate); Miss.Code Ann. § 11-1-65 (1995 Supp.) (permitting punitive damages except for breach of contract, libel, and asbestos litigation); Mont.Code Ann. § 27-1-220 (1995) (permitting punitive damages except in contract actions); Neb. Const. art. VII, § 5 (all fines and penalties must go to school fund); Abel v. Conover, 170 Neb. 926, 104 N.W.2d 684, 688 (1960) (punitive damages prohibited in Nebraska); Nev.Rev.Stat. § 42.005, subd. 1 (1995) (allowing punitive damages, but limiting their amount in certain cases); Alper v. Western Motels, 84 Nev. 472, 443 P.2d 557, 560 (1968) (upholding punitive damages in trespass action); N.H.Rev.Stat. Ann. § 507:16 (1995 Supp.) (punitive damages outlawed unless provided by statute); N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2A:15-5.14 (West 1996 Supp.) (permitting punitive damages, but restricting amount to the greater of $350,000 or five times compensatory damages); N.Y. Civ. Prac. L. & R. 8701 (McKinney 1996 Supp.) (twenty percent of punitive damage award to the state) (expired 1994); N.C. Gen.Stat. § ID-25 (b) (1995) (limiting total amount of punitive damages); N.D. Cent.Code § 32-03.2-11, subd. 4 (1995 Supp.) (punitive damages may not exceed the greater of two times the compensatory damages or $250,000); Ohio Rev.Code Ann. § 2315.21(B) (Anderson 1995) (permitting punitive damages for injury to property); Hilbert v. Roth, 395 Pa. 270, 149 A.2d 648, 652 (1959) (punitive damages require actual damage and a viable cause of action); Scully v. Matarese, 422 A.2d 740, 741 (R.I.1980) (awarding punitive damages is within fact finder's discretion); S.C.Code Ann. § 15-69-210 (permitting punitive damages for conversion actions) (Law. Co-op 1976 & 1995 Supp.); S.D. Codified Laws Ann. § 21-3-2 (1987 & 1996 Supp.) (punitive damages in discretion of jury); Gross v. Kouf, 349 N.W.2d 652, 654 (S.D.1984) (upholding punitive damages in conversion action); Tenn.Code Ann. § 29-30-210 (1980) (jury may grant exemplary damages in personal property actions); Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 41.003 (West 1996 Supp.) (allowing exemplary damages with requisite proof); Utah Code Ann. § 78-18-1(3) (1992 & 1995 Supp.) (fifty percent of punitive damages over $20,000 goes to the state); Va.Code Ann. § 8.01-38.1 (Michie 1992 & 1995 Supp.) ($350,000 cap on punitive damages); Wash. Rev.Code Ann. § 4.24.320 (West 1988) (permitting punitive damages, including injury to heifer owners, up to three times actual damages); Fahrenberg v. Tengel, 96 Wis.2d 211, 291 N.W.2d 516, 521 (1980) (permitting punitive damages for property injuries); State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. v. Shrader, 882 P.2d 813, 825 (Wyo.1994) (permitting punitive damages for breaching implied covenant of good faith).